Variability in Architectural Simulations of Multi-Threaded Workloads
HPCA '03 Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
On the effectiveness of address-space randomization
Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Statistically rigorous java performance evaluation
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming systems and applications
Reducing Performance Evaluation Sensitivity and Variability by Input Shaking
MASCOTS '07 Proceedings of the 2007 15th International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems
Producing wrong data without doing anything obviously wrong!
Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
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In order to evaluate software performance and find regressions, many developers use automated performance tests. However, the test results often contain a certain amount of noise that is not caused by actual performance changes in the programs. They are instead caused by external factors like operating system decisions or unexpected non-determinisms inside the programs. This makes interpreting the test results difficult since results that differ from previous results cannot easily be attributed to either genuine changes or noise. In this paper we present an analysis of a subset of the various factors that are likely to contribute to this noise using the Mozilla Firefox browser as an example. In addition we present a statistical technique for identifying outliers in Mozilla's automatic testing framework. Our results show that a significant amount of noise is caused by memory randomization and other external factors, that there is variance in Firefox internals that does not seem to be correlated with test result variance, and that our suggested statistical forecasting technique can give more reliable detection of genuine performance changes than the one currently in use by Mozilla.