A study of optimal matrix for efficient matrix embedding in F3

Authors:
Yuanzhi Qi;Xiaolong Li;Bin Wang;Bin Yang
Affiliations:
Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China;Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China;Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China;Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Venue:
IWDW'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Digital Forensics and Watermaking
Year:
2012

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Abstract

Matrix embedding (ME) is an effective way to reduce the distortion of steganography. In ME, the sender and recipient agree on a matrix in advance, and the message will be embedded into the cover data according to the matrix. By this means, matrices with the same dimension can provide the same capacity but may introduce quite different distortions. Thus the choice of matrices is crucial to the performance of ME and it is meaningful to determine the optimal matrix which can introduce the least distortion. In this paper, we study the optimal-matrix-determination problem for ME in $\mathbb{F}_3 = \{0,\pm1\}$ . Some initial results are obtained.