The active badge location system
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Discrete-time signal processing (2nd ed.)
Discrete-time signal processing (2nd ed.)
The anatomy of a context-aware application
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
The Cricket location-support system
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
LANDMARC: Indoor Location Sensing Using Active RFID
PERCOM '03 Proceedings of the First IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
VOR base stations for indoor 802.11 positioning
Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Practical robust localization over large-scale 802.11 wireless networks
Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
The Lighthouse Location System for Smart Dust
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Access Point Localization Using Local Signal Strength Gradient
PAM '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Passive and Active Network Measurement
The Digital Marauder's Map: A New Threat to Location Privacy
ICDCS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 29th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Did you see Bob?: human localization using mobile phones
Proceedings of the sixteenth annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Indoor localization without infrastructure using the acoustic background spectrum
MobiSys '11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
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In many applications such as wireless crime scene investigation, we want to use a single device moving along a route for accurate and efficient localization without the help of any positioning infrastructure or trained signal strength map. Our experiments show that in a complicated environment, such as building corridors and downtown areas, triangulation or trilateration cannot be used for accurate localization via single device. A simple approach, which is better and robust, is to use where the maximum RSS (received signal strength) is sensed as the target's location. The question is how to make sure the maximum RSS is received while moving. Our novel RSS sampling theory presented in this paper answers this question: if RSS samples can reconstruct a target transmitter's power distribution over space, the location corresponding to the peak of such power distribution is the target's location. We apply the Nyquist sampling theory to the RSS sampling process, and derive a mathematical model to determine the RSS sampling rate given the target's distance and its packet transmission rate. To validate our RSS sampling theory, we developed BotLoc, which is a programmable and self-coordinated robot armed with a wireless sniffer. We conducted extensive simulations and real-world experiments and the experimental results match the theory very well. A video of BotLoc is at http://youtu.be/FsWLrH8Nj50 .