TOSSIM: accurate and scalable simulation of entire TinyOS applications
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
An analysis of a large scale habitat monitoring application
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
A line in the sand: a wireless sensor network for target detection, classification, and tracking
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Military communications systems and technologies
Shrink: a tool for failure diagnosis in IP networks
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Mining network data
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Sympathy for the sensor network debugger
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
VigilNet: An integrated sensor network system for energy-efficient surveillance
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
Visibility: a new metric for protocol design
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
LiveNet: Using Passive Monitoring to Reconstruct Sensor Network Dynamics
DCOSS '08 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE international conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems
Dustminer: troubleshooting interactive complexity bugs in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Embedded network sensor systems
PDA: Passive distributed assertions for sensor networks
IPSN '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
FIND: faulty node detection for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Reliable data delivery in large-scale low-power sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
Diagnostic powertracing for sensor node failure analysis
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
Murphy loves potatoes: experiences from a pilot sensor network deployment in precision agriculture
IPDPS'06 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Parallel and distributed processing
Passive diagnosis for wireless sensor networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology has recently moved out of controlled laboratory settings to real-world deployments. Many of these deployments experience high rates of failure. Common types of failure include node failure, link failure, and node reboot. Due to the resource constraints of sensor nodes, existing techniques for fault detection in enterprise networks are not applicable. Previously proposed WSN fault detection algorithms either rely on periodic transmission of node status data or inferring node status based on passive information collection. The former approach significantly reduces network lifetime, while the latter achieves poor accuracy in dynamic or large networks. Herein, we propose Sequence-Based Fault Detection (SBFD), a novel framework for network fault detection in WSNs. The framework exploits in-network packet tagging using the Fletcher checksum and server-side network path analysis to efficiently deduce the path of all packets sent to the sink. The sink monitors the extracted packet paths to detect persistent path changes which are indicative of network failures. When a failure is suspected, the sink uses control messages to check the status of the affected nodes. SBFD was implemented in TinyOS on TelosB motes and its performance was assessed in a testbed network and in TOSSIM simulation. The method was found to achieve a fault detection accuracy of 90.7% to 95.0% for networks of 25 to 400 nodes at the cost of 0.164% to 0.239% additional control packets and a 0.5% reduction in node lifetime due to in-network packet tagging. Finally, a comparative study was conducted with existing solutions.