Iterative estimation of the time-varying underwater acoustic channel using basis expansion models

Authors:
Hua Yu;Aijun Song;Mohsen Badiey;Fangjiong Chen;Fei Ji
Affiliations:
South China Univ. of Tech., Guangzhou, China;University of Delaware, Newark, DE;University of Delaware, Newark, DE;South China Univ. of Tech., Guangzhou, China;South China Univ. of Tech., Guangzhou, China
Venue:
Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Conference on Underwater Networks and Systems
Year:
2013

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Abstract

An iterative channel estimation scheme is proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems over the time-varying underwater acoustic channel. The channel estimator is developed based on the basis expansion model (BEM) with two different types of basis functions, complex exponential (CE) basis and discrete prolate spheroidal sequences (DPSS). Considering the different Doppler characteristics for each cluster, we use cluster-specific parameters in the BEM for the most significant taps, such that the number of unknowns during channel estimation can be considerably reduced. The frequency domain receive equation is derived in terms of the model coefficients of the most significant taps. The channel estimator operates in an iterative, decision-directed fashion. At the first iteration, it utilizes only pilot symbols. After the first iteration, the estimator also uses the symbol decisions produced by a MMSE block equalizer, in addition to the pilot symbols. We show the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of the OFDM system over a simulated underwater acoustic channel. It is shown that the MMSE equalizer with the CE-BEM channel estimator and the one-tap equalizer with perfect channel state information have similar BER performances. The MMSE equalizer with the DPSS-BEM channel estimator outperforms the aforementioned two schemes.