TCP/IP performance over 3G wireless links with rate and delay variation
Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
HTTP as the narrow waist of the future internet
Hotnets-IX Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks
To Cache or Not to Cache: The 3G Case
IEEE Internet Computing
TailTheft: leveraging the wasted time for saving energy in cellular communications
MobiArch '11 Proceedings of the sixth international workshop on MobiArch
TOP: Tail Optimization Protocol For Cellular Radio Resource Allocation
ICNP '10 Proceedings of the The 18th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols
Stochastic forecasts achieve high throughput and low delay over cellular networks
nsdi'13 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Demystifying page load performance with WProf
nsdi'13 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Silent TCP connection closure for cellular networks
Proceedings of the ninth ACM conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
NSDI'14 Proceedings of the 11th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
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Despite its widespread adoption and popularity, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) suffers from fundamental performance limitations. SPDY, a recently proposed alternative to HTTP, tries to address many of the limitations of HTTP (e.g., multiple connections, setup latency). With cellular networks fast becoming the communication channel of choice, we perform a detailed measurement study to understand the benefits of using SPDY over cellular networks. Through careful measurements conducted over four months, we provide a detailed analysis of the performance of HTTP and SPDY, how they interact with the various layers, and their implications on web design. Our results show that unlike in wired and 802.11 networks, SPDY does not clearly outperform HTTP over cellular networks. We identify, as the underlying cause, a lack of harmony between how TCP and cellular networks interact. In particular, the performance of most TCP implementations is impacted by their implicit assumption that the network round-trip latency does not change after an idle period, which is typically not the case in cellular networks. This causes spurious retransmissions and degraded throughput for both HTTP and SPDY. We conclude that a viable solution has to account for these unique cross-layer dependencies to achieve improved performance over cellular networks.