The production and recognition of emotions in speech: features and algorithms
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Application of affective computing in human—Computer interaction
Interpreting non-linguistic utterances by robots: studying the influence of physical appearance
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Affective interaction in natural environments
EMOGIB: emotional gibberish speech database for affective human-robot interaction
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part II
How to use non-linguistic utterances to convey emotion in child-robot interaction
HRI '12 Proceedings of the seventh annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-Robot Interaction
People interpret robotic non-linguistic utterances categorically
Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
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This paper presents an experiment investigating the influence that a situational context has upon how people affectively interpret Non-Linguistic Utterances made by a social robot. Subjects were presented five video conditions showing the robot making both a positive and negative utterance, the robot being subject to an action (e.g. receiving a kiss, or a slap), and then two videos showing the combination of the action and the robot reacting with both the positive and negative utterances. For each video an affective rating of valence was provided based upon how the subjects thought the robot felt given what had happened in the video. This was repeated for 5 different action scenarios. Results show that the affective interpretation of an action appears to override that of an utterance, regardless of the affective charge of the utterance. Furthermore, it is shown that if the meaning of the action and utterance are aligned, the overall interpretation is amplified. These findings are considered with respect to the practical use of utterances during social HRI.