International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Membership function as an evaluation
Fuzzy Sets and Systems
HUGIN—a shell for building Bayesian belief universes for expert systems
Readings in uncertain reasoning
Links Between Markov Models and Multilayer Perceptrons
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Instance-Based Learning Algorithms
Machine Learning
Applications of machine learning
EKAW'92 Proceedings of the 6th European knowledge acquisition workshop on Current developments in knowledge acquisition
C4.5: programs for machine learning
C4.5: programs for machine learning
The nature of statistical learning theory
The nature of statistical learning theory
Probabilistic rule induction from a medical research study database
Computers and Biomedical Research
Approximate nearest neighbors: towards removing the curse of dimensionality
STOC '98 Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A hierarchical approach to the automatic categorization of medical documents
Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Information and knowledge management
Information complexity of neural networks
Neural Networks
A Tutorial on Support Vector Machines for Pattern Recognition
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
An Information Theoretic Approach to Rule Induction from Databases
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Machine Learning
Machine Learning
A Minimization Approach to Propositional Inductive Learning
ECML '95 Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Machine Learning
The Biases of Decision Tree Pruning Strategies
IDA '99 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis
Decision support in acute abdominal pain using an expert system for different knowledge bases
CBMS '97 Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS '97)
Logistic regression and artificial neural network classification models: a methodology review
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
HICSS '04 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 6 - Volume 6
Ontology-Based Information Integration in Health Care: A Focus on Palliative Care
STEP '03 Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual International Workshop on Software Technology and Engineering Practice
Service-Oriented Architecture: Concepts, Technology, and Design
Service-Oriented Architecture: Concepts, Technology, and Design
Predicting carcinoid heart disease with the noisy-threshold classifier
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Machine learning: a review of classification and combining techniques
Artificial Intelligence Review
Ontology-enhanced automatic chief complaint classification for syndromic surveillance
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
Dynamic Bayesian networks as prognostic models for clinical patient management
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
A hybrid evolutionary algorithm for attribute selection in data mining
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A new rough sets model based on database systems
RSFDGrC'03 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Rough sets, fuzzy sets, data mining, and granular computing
Application of EHR in Health Care
MMIT '10 Proceedings of the 2010 Second International Conference on MultiMedia and Information Technology - Volume 01
EDOCW '10 Proceedings of the 2010 14th IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops
Comparing machine learning classifiers in potential distribution modelling
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A probabilistic SVM based decision system for pain diagnosis
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
An interval set model for learning rules from incomplete information table
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning
Exploiting functional dependence in bayesian network inference
UAI'02 Proceedings of the Eighteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Estimating continuous distributions in Bayesian classifiers
UAI'95 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Parameter adjustment in Bayes networks. the generalized noisy OR-gate
UAI'93 Proceedings of the Ninth international conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
EM algorithm for symmetric causal independence models
ECML'06 Proceedings of the 17th European conference on Machine Learning
Mining clinical data: selecting decision support algorithm for the MET-AP system
AIME'05 Proceedings of the 10th conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Personal health information management system and its application in referral management
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
Machine learning for medical diagnosis: history, state of the art and perspective
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
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Objective: The occurrence of pain accounts for billions of dollars in annual medical expenditures; loss of quality of life and decreased worker productivity contribute to indirect costs. As pain is highly subjective, clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can be critical for improving the accuracy of pain assessment and offering better support for clinical decision-making. This review is focused on computer technologies for pain management that allow CDSSs to obtain knowledge from the clinical data produced by either patients or health care professionals. Methods and materials: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in several electronic databases to identify relevant articles focused on computerised systems that constituted CDSSs and include data or results related to pain symptoms from patients with acute or chronic pain, published between 1992 and 2011 in the English language. In total, thirty-nine studies were analysed; thirty-two were selected from 1245 citations, and seven were obtained from reference tracking. Results: The results highlighted the following clusters of computer technologies: rule-based algorithms, artificial neural networks, nonstandard set theory, and statistical learning algorithms. In addition, several methodologies were found for content processing such as terminologies, questionnaires, and scores. The median accuracy ranged from 53% to 87.5%. Conclusions: Computer technologies that have been applied in CDSSs are important but not determinant in improving the systems' accuracy and the clinical practice, as evidenced by the moderate correlation among the studies. However, these systems play an important role in the design of computerised systems oriented to a patient's symptoms as is required for pain management. Several limitations related to CDSSs were observed: the lack of integration with mobile devices, the reduced use of web-based interfaces, and scarce capabilities for data to be inserted by patients.