Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Highly-resilient, energy-efficient multipath routing in wireless sensor networks
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing
WMCSA '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computer Systems and Applications
On-Demand Multi Path Distance Vector Routing in Ad Hoc Networks
ICNP '01 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols
A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
Random Asynchronous Wakeup Protocol for Sensor Networks
BROADNETS '04 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Broadband Networks
On-demand Node-Disjoint Multipath Routing in Wireless Ad hoc Network
LCN '04 Proceedings of the 29th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks
Using redundancy to cope with failures in a delay tolerant network
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
ExOR: opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Spray and wait: an efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Delay-tolerant networking
Transmitting streaming data in wireless multimedia sensor networks with holes
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile and ubiquitous multimedia
Optimal stochastic routing in low duty-cycled wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on Wireless Internet
Opportunistic routing for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks: Present and future directions
IEEE Communications Magazine
A digital fountain approach to asynchronous reliable multicast
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Speech Transport in Packet-Radio Networks with Mobile Nodes
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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We consider the problem of routing in a highly and variably intermittent wireless network to support delay-intolerant as well as delay tolerant applications. Specifically, the links in such a network are too volatile to maintain a consistent topology, rendering most MANET protocols ineffective. At the same time, store-andforward (DTN) techniques are not an option due to the need for ndelay intolerance, and may be unnecessary due to the likely availability of contemporaneous, albeit rapidly changing, paths.We present a novel routing mechanism called FansyRoute, aimed at this challenged region between MANETs and DTNs. Fansy- Route adaptively adjusts the number of replications (fan-out) on a per-node basis, taking into account the level of intermittency along the path to the destination and a user-specified tradeoff between delivery expectation and the cost of replication. We study the performance of two FansyRoute schemes on a prime example of such variably intermittently connected networks, namely asynchronously duty-cycled sensor networks. Using ns-3, we compare FansyRoute to OLSR, AODV and Flooding. The results show that in an intermittent network, FansyRoute can deliver 50% more packets than the single path protocols, with less than 5% of the replication incurred by flooding. FansyRoute replicates only when needed and the replication is restricted to the challenged regions of the network.