Blind synchronization scheme using the conjugate characters of the OFDM BPSK-modulated symbol
Digital Signal Processing
Robust early-late gate system for symbol timing recovery in MIMO-OFDM systems
WIMOB '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 7th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
ML estimation of time and frequency offset in OFDM systems
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Multiple-antenna techniques for wireless communications - a comprehensive literature survey
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
A robust timing and frequency synchronization for OFDM systems
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Minimum interference blind time-offset estimation for OFDM systems
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Timing recovery for OFDM transmission
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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This paper proposes a blind symbol timing estimator for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The basic idea lies in that compared to the scenarios with timing offsets, the distribution of the received signal within one OFDM symbol in the frequency domain is less Gaussian when the start of the discrete Fourier transform window is locked into the safe region. Thus via minimizing the kurtosis employed to measure the non-Gaussianity, the symbol timing estimation is achieved. A two-step implementation is introduced to balance between the estimation accuracy and computational complexity. It is proved that this estimator is also applicable in multiple-input multiple-output systems, including multiplexing- and diversity-based configurations. Numerical simulation is carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method and give the performance comparison with existing blind schemes in terms of the probability of lock-in and bit-error rate.