Interactive overlay maps for US patent (USPTO) data based on International Patent Classification (IPC)

  • Authors:

  • Loet Leydesdorff;Duncan Kushnir;Ismael Rafols

  • Affiliations:

  • Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1012 CX;Environmental Systems Analysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden;SPRU (Science and Technology Policy Research), University of Sussex, Freeman Centre, Falmer Brighton, UK BN1 9QE and Ingenio (CSIC-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valènci ...

  • Venue:
  • Scientometrics
  • Year:
  • 2014

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Abstract

We report on the development of an interface to the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) that allows for the mapping of patent portfolios as overlays to basemaps constructed from citation relations among all patents contained in this database during the period 1976---2011. Both the interface and the data are in the public domain; the freeware programs VOSViewer and/or Pajek can be used for the visualization. These basemaps and overlays can be generated at both the 3-digit and 4-digit levels of the International Patent Classification (IPC) of the world intellectual property organization (WIPO). The basemaps can provide a stable mental framework for analysts to follow developments over searches for different years, which can be animated. The full flexibility of the advanced search engines of USPTO are available for generating sets of patents and/or patent applications which can thus be visualized and compared. This instrument allows for addressing questions about technological distance, diversity in portfolios, and animating the developments of both technologies and technological capacities of organizations over time.