Comparative analysis of agent-based and population-based modelling in epidemics and economics

Authors:
Tibor Bosse;S. Waqar Jaffry;Ghazanfar F. Siddiqui;Jan Treur
Affiliations:
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Punjab University College of Information Technology PUCIT, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pak ...;Department of Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Department of Computer Science, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan;Department of Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Venue:
Multiagent and Grid Systems
Year:
2012

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Abstract

This paper addresses comparative evaluation of population-based simulation in comparison to agent-based simulation for different numbers of agents. Population-based simulation, such as for example in the classical approaches to predator-prey modelling and modelling of epidemics, has computational advantages over agent-based modelling with large numbers of agents. Therefore the latter approaches can be considered useful only when the results are expected to deviate from the results of population-based simulation, and are considered more realistic. However, there is sometimes also a silent assumption that for larger numbers of agents, agent-based simulations approximate population-based simulations, which would indicate that agent-based simulation just can be replaced by population-based simulation. The paper evaluates such assumptions by two detailed comparative case studies: one in epidemics, and one in economical context. The former case study addresses the spread of an infectious disease over a population. The latter case study addresses the interplay between individual greed as a psychological concept and global economical concepts. It is shown that under certain conditions agent-based and population-based simulations may show similar results, but not always.