A survey of multi-objective sequential decision-making

  • Authors:
  • Diederik M. Roijers;Peter Vamplew;Shimon Whiteson;Richard Dazeley

  • Affiliations:
  • Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;School of Science, Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ballarat, Ballarat, Australia;Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;School of Science, Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ballarat, Ballarat, Australia

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
  • Year:
  • 2013

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Abstract

Sequential decision-making problems with multiple objectives arise naturally in practice and pose unique challenges for research in decision-theoretic planning and learning, which has largely focused on single-objective settings. This article surveys algorithms designed for sequential decision-making problems with multiple objectives. Though there is a growing body of literature on this subject, little of it makes explicit under what circumstances special methods are needed to solve multi-objective problems. Therefore, we identify three distinct scenarios in which converting such a problem to a single-objective one is impossible, infeasible, or undesirable. Furthermore, we propose a taxonomy that classifies multi-objective methods according to the applicable scenario, the nature of the scalarization function (which projects multi-objective values to scalar ones), and the type of policies considered. We show how these factors determine the nature of an optimal solution, which can be a single policy, a convex hull, or a Pareto front. Using this taxonomy, we survey the literature on multi-objective methods for planning and learning. Finally, we discuss key applications of such methods and outline opportunities for future work.