Knowledge Representation in CGLF, CGIF, KIF, Frame-CG and Formalized-English
ICCS '02 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Conceptual Structures: Integration and Interfaces
Towards a People's Web: Metalog
WI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence
Composing Questions through Conceptual Authoring
Computational Linguistics
Attempto Controlled English for Knowledge Representation
Reasoning Web
CLOnE: controlled language for ontology editing
ISWC'07/ASWC'07 Proceedings of the 6th international The semantic web and 2nd Asian conference on Asian semantic web conference
Rabbit: developing a control natural language for authoring ontologies
ESWC'08 Proceedings of the 5th European semantic web conference on The semantic web: research and applications
An evaluation framework for controlled natural languages
CNL'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Controlled natural language
On controlled natural languages: properties and prospects
CNL'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Controlled natural language
GINO – a guided input natural language ontology editor
ISWC'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on The Semantic Web
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Different kinds of controlled natural language CNL have been proposed as a front-end for Semantic Web systems, in order to make them more accessible to users with no background in formal notations and methods. This paper investigates whether OWL statements in CNL are indeed easier to understand than in other notations. To this aim, an experiment with 64 participants was conducted that compares a controlled natural language to a classical OWL notation. Concretely, Attempto Controlled English was compared to a simplified version of the Manchester OWL Syntax. For a reliable and tool-independent evaluation of understandability, the experiment is based on a novel evaluation framework making use of simple and intuitive diagrams. The results show that CNL is easier to understand, needs less learning time, and is more accepted by its users.