IBM Systems Journal
A steganographic method based upon JPEG and quantization table modification
Information Sciences—Informatics and Computer Science: An International Journal - Special issue: Intelligent multimedia computing and networking
Detecting LSB Steganography in Color and Gray-Scale Images
IEEE MultiMedia
BPCS steganography using EZW lossy compressed images
Pattern Recognition Letters
Attacks on Steganographic Systems
IH '99 Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Information Hiding
IHW '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Information Hiding
Hide and Seek: An Introduction to Steganography
IEEE Security and Privacy
Cyber warfare: steganography vs. steganalysis
Communications of the ACM - Voting systems
Detecting LSB matching by applying calibration technique for difference image
Proceedings of the 10th ACM workshop on Multimedia and security
An improvement of EMD embedding method for large payloads by pixel segmentation strategy
Image and Vision Computing
A High Payload Steganographic Scheme Based on (7, 4) Hamming Code for Digital Images
ISECS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security
Improved Data Hiding Method by Exploiting Modification Direction
UMC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on Ubiquitous Multimedia Computing
Hiding secret data in images via predictive coding
Pattern Recognition
Robust Lossless Image Data Hiding Designed for Semi-Fragile Image Authentication
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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This paper represents an improved data hiding scheme, CIE, which uses a codebook to improve the Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD) embedding scheme. In our scheme, one secret (2 n驴+驴x 驴驴驴1)-ary digit is hidden in a group of pixels in an image as a modified secret digit. Our proposed scheme has an embedding rate $R=\log_2(2^{n+x}-1)/n$ , which is greater than the rate of the EMD scheme, which is R驴=驴log2(2n驴+驴1)/n for n驴驴驴2 . Embedding rate R is the number of secret bits embedded in each cover pixel. Our experimental results demonstrate that our scheme is able to embed 3 times as many secret bits in an image compared to the original EMD embedding scheme when n驴=驴2 and x驴=驴5. Our scheme has low time complexity and achieves this higher embedding performance while retaining reasonable perceptual quality for the image. An experiment verifies these features of our proposed data hiding scheme.