Implementing network protocols at user level
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Exokernel: an operating system architecture for application-level resource management
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
The performance of μ-kernel-based systems
Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Fast and flexible application-level networking on exokernel systems
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Deploying safe user-level network services with icTCP
OSDI'04 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Opearting Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 6
Alpine: a user-level infrastructure for network protocol development
USITS'01 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 3
CUBIC: a new TCP-friendly high-speed TCP variant
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - Research and developments in the Linux kernel
Factored operating systems (fos): the case for a scalable operating system for multicores
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
RouteBricks: exploiting parallelism to scale software routers
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
The multikernel: a new OS architecture for scalable multicore systems
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
PacketShader: a GPU-accelerated software router
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
Corey: an operating system for many cores
OSDI'08 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
FlexSC: flexible system call scheduling with exception-less system calls
OSDI'10 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
SSLShader: cheap SSL acceleration with commodity processors
Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Networked systems design and implementation
The case for VOS: the vector operating system
HotOS'13 Proceedings of the 13th USENIX conference on Hot topics in operating systems
Exception-less system calls for event-driven servers
USENIXATC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Towards understanding modern web traffic
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
Improving network connection locality on multicore systems
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
Netmap: a novel framework for fast packet I/O
USENIX ATC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
MegaPipe: a new programming interface for scalable network I/O
OSDI'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
Chronos: predictable low latency for data center applications
Proceedings of the Third ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
Comparison of caching strategies in modern cellular backhaul networks
Proceeding of the 11th annual international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
nsdi'13 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Using one-sided RDMA reads to build a fast, CPU-efficient key-value store
USENIX ATC'13 Proceedings of the 2013 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
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Scaling the performance of short TCP connections on multicore systems is fundamentally challenging. Although many proposals have attempted to address various shortcomings, inefficiency of the kernel implementation still persists. For example, even state-of-the-art designs spend 70% to 80% of CPU cycles in handling TCP connections in the kernel, leaving only small room for innovation in the user-level program. This work presents mTCP, a high-performance user-level TCP stack for multicore systems. mTCP addresses the inefficiencies from the ground up--from packet I/O and TCP connection management to the application interface. In addition to adopting well-known techniques, our design (1) translates multiple expensive system calls into a single shared memory reference, (2) allows efficient flow-level event aggregation, and (3) performs batched packet I/O for high I/O efficiency. Our evaluations on an 8-core machine showed that mTCP improves the performance of small message transactions by a factor of 25 compared to the latest Linux TCP stack and a factor of 3 compared to the best-performing research system known so far. It also improves the performance of various popular applications by 33% to 320% compared to those on the Linux stack.