Hardware-Assisted Software Clock Synchronization for Homogeneous Distributed Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Annotated bibliography on global states and times in distributed systems
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Global Positioning System (GPS) Time Dissemination for Real-Time Applications
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on global time in large scale distributed real-time systems, part I
Constructing Predictable Real Time Systems
Constructing Predictable Real Time Systems
Distribution of Tasks within a Centrally Scheduled Local Area Network
Proceedings of the First International Eurospace - Ada-Europe Symposium on Ada in Europe
Specification and Implementation of the Universal TimeCoordinated Synchronization Unit (UTCSU)
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on global time in large scale distributed real-time systems, part III
GPS-based Clock Synchronization in a Mobile, Distributed Real-Time System
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on global time in large scale distributed real-time systems, part I
A Network Time Interface M-Module for Distributing GPS-Timeover LANs
Real-Time Systems - Selected papers from IFAC/IFIP workshops on real-time programming
A method to improve interrupt latency in real-time OS kernels
Journal of Embedded Computing - Advanced Topics on Embedded Computing
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A computer organisationsuitable to improve the performance of embedded systems encounteredin hard real-time environments is described, which enhances dependabilityand efficiency by exploiting possibilities for parallel processinginherent to real-time systems. It is shown that internal datatransmissions due to context-switching can be eliminated andthat CPUs can be relieved from a considerable amount of routinework by providing a separate module for major functions of real-timeoperating systems, viz., for interrupt and signal recognition,for time management, and for the administration of task executionplans and states. Considering the layer model of contemporaryreal-time operating systems, these functions constitute kerneland first layer. The hardware implementation of typical hardreal-time support features provides a clear physical separationof the intrinsically independent functions event reaction and(user) task processing. While minimising response times in general,the architecture enables to guarantee predefined, short upperbounds for them. It also incorporates a new approach for andhardware realisation of timers characterised by utmost precisionand high handling comfort. Such timers are particularly well-suitedto serve in distributed real-time systems, since, by employingthe exact UTC received from the satellites of GPS (the globalnavigation and positioning system), synchronisation is not neededanymore.