Architectural mismatch or why it's hard to build systems out of existing parts
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Software engineering
Software reuse: a holistic approach
Software reuse: a holistic approach
Framework Patterns
Meta Patterns - A Means For Capturing the Essentials of Reusable Object-Oriented Design
ECOOP '94 Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming
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Since reuse costs are often higher than expected, several approaches to development with reuse have been proposed. Among the most interesting is the idea of frameworks: sets of single components collaborating according to predefined cooperation rules. This approach can have a great impact on the reusability of parts of a software system, but it is not an easy task to give a quantitative measure of this reusability. The existing reusability metrics can be used, but the results are not fully satisfactory, since they do not take into account the peculiar characteristics of a framework and the particular way it is reused (a mix between black box reuse and white box reuse). For these reasons, a set of criteria adapting the traditional reusability metrics is proposed. These criteria try to evaluate the four main factors affecting the reusability of a framework: portability, adaptability, understandability, and confidence.