Query by humming: musical information retrieval in an audio database
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Multimedia
MIDI: A Comprehensive Introduction
MIDI: A Comprehensive Introduction
Artificial Perception and Music Recognition
Artificial Perception and Music Recognition
On the segmentation and analysis of continuous musical sound by digital computer.
On the segmentation and analysis of continuous musical sound by digital computer.
Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models
Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models
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The search for a flexible and concise alternate representation fordigital musical sound leads to the proposal for the use of the MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) protocol. The problem becomesone of automating the conversion process from sound to MIDI. Thisrequires processing musical sound and extracting the informationnecessary to represent the sound as MIDI data. We have conductedstudies which have led to algorithms for segmentation of the sound andpitch detection of the individual notes. We describe a novel methodfor pitch detection using subset selection with dictionariescontaining harmonic spectra from samples of musical sounds. Examplesdemonstrating applicability to monophonic sounds as well as signalswith multiple sound sources are given, including detection of objectsin a complex background scene.