The design philosophy of the DARPA internet protocols
SIGCOMM '88 Symposium proceedings on Communications architectures and protocols
Congestion avoidance and control
SIGCOMM '88 Symposium proceedings on Communications architectures and protocols
Analysis and simulation of a fair queueing algorithm
SIGCOMM '89 Symposium proceedings on Communications architectures & protocols
Architectural considerations for a new generation of protocols
SIGCOMM '90 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Communications architectures & protocols
Lightweight causal and atomic group multicast
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Elements of information theory
Elements of information theory
Scalable feedback control for multicast video distribution in the Internet
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
An architecture for wide-area multicast routing
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
Receiver-initiated communication with ST-II
Multimedia Systems
vic: a flexible framework for packet video
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Multimedia
A reliable multicast framework for light-weight sessions and application level framing
SIGCOMM '95 Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Link-sharing and resource management models for packet networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
The Tenet real-time protocol suite: design, implementation, and experiences
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
End-to-end routing behavior in the Internet
Conference proceedings on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Network text editor (NTE): A scalable shared text editor for the MBone
SIGCOMM '97 Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '97 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
A hierarchical fair service curve algorithm for link-sharing, real-time and priority services
SIGCOMM '97 Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '97 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Receiver-driven bandwidth adaptation for light-weight sessions
MULTIMEDIA '97 Proceedings of the fifth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Session directories and scalable Internet multicast address allocation
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
An active service framework and its application to real-time multimedia transcoding
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Scalable data naming for application level framing in reliable multicast
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
An integrated congestion management architecture for Internet hosts
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Open, Closed, and Mixed Networks of Queues with Different Classes of Customers
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Scalable Timers for Soft State Protocols
INFOCOM '97 Proceedings of the INFOCOM '97. Sixteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Driving the Information Revolution
A Multicast User Directory Service for Synchronous Rendezvous
A Multicast User Directory Service for Synchronous Rendezvous
Bimodal Multicast
Stride Scheduling: Deterministic Proportional- Share Resource Management
Stride Scheduling: Deterministic Proportional- Share Resource Management
Lottery scheduling: flexible proportional-share resource management
OSDI '94 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
The design and implementation of an intentional naming system
Proceedings of the seventeenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
A unified header compression framework for low-bandwidth links
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
An architecture for secure wide-area service discovery
Wireless Networks - Selected Papers from Mobicom'99
System Software for Ubiquitous Computing
IEEE Pervasive Computing
Architecture for a Grid Operating System
GRID '00 Proceedings of the First IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Grid Computing
Giggle: a framework for constructing scalable replica location services
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Result checking in global computing systems
ICS '03 Proceedings of the 17th annual international conference on Supercomputing
A Decentralized, Adaptive Replica Location Mechanism
HPDC '02 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
A comparison of hard-state and soft-state signaling protocols
Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Multicast Injection for Application Network Deployment
LCN '01 Proceedings of the 26th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
Adaptive Parameter Collection in Dynamic Distributed Environments
ICDCS '01 Proceedings of the The 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
An efficient QoS routing algorithm for quorumcast communication
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Improving availability with recursive microreboots: a soft-state system case study
Performance Evaluation - Dependable systems and networks-performance and dependability symposium (DSN-PDS) 2002: Selected papers
Supporting Cluster-Based Network Services on Functionally Symmetric Software Architecture
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Live data views: programming pervasive applications that use "timely" and "dynamic" data
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile data management
Application layer reachability monitoring for IP multicast
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems
Persistent detection and recovery of state inconsistencies
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Session state: beyond soft state
NSDI'04 Proceedings of the 1st conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 1
Neptune: scalable replication management and programming support for cluster-based network services
USITS'01 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 3
Fine-grained failover using connection migration
USITS'01 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 3
A toolkit for building dependable and extensible home networking applications
WSS'00 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Windows Systems Symposium - Volume 4
A comparison of hard-state and soft-state signaling protocols
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Toward recovery-oriented computing
VLDB '02 Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Very Large Data Bases
Using P2P, GRID and Agent technologies for the development of content distribution networks
Future Generation Computer Systems
A Semantic Grid Application for E-Learning Data Sharing
ICWL '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in Web Based Learning
Minimal backups of cryptographic protocol runs
Proceedings of the 6th ACM workshop on Formal methods in security engineering
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Declarative Network Verification
PADL '09 Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages
Overhead and performance study of the general internet signaling transport (GIST) protocol
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
State considerations in distributed systems
Crossroads
Distributed architectures for surrogate clustering in CDNs: a simulation-based analysis
Proceedings of the 4th edition of the UPGRADE-CN workshop on Use of P2P, GRID and agents for the development of content networks
RapidMesh: declarative toolkit for rapid experimentation of wireless mesh networks
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international workshop on Experimental evaluation and characterization
Soft state in publish/subscribe
Proceedings of the Third ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems
Soft state in the XSiena publish/subscribe system
Proceedings of the Third ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems
Application layer reachability monitoring for IP multicast
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
End-to-end versus hop-by-hop state refresh in soft state signaling protocols
IEEE Communications Letters
A hierarchical replica location approach based on cache mechanism and load balancing in data grid
APWeb'08 Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific web conference on Progress in WWW research and development
A lightweight soft-state tracking framework for dense mobile ad hoc networks
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
Modeling and simulation of SIP tandem server with finite buffer
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
Weak state routing for large-scale dynamic networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Bottom-up fault management in composite web services
CAiSE'11 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Advanced information systems engineering
Towards building a semantic grid for e-learning
DAIS'06 Proceedings of the 6th IFIP WG 6.1 international conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems
Modeling route change in soft-state signaling protocols using SDL: a case of RSVP
SDL'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Model Driven
A sender-oriented back-track enabled resource reservation scheme
ICCNMC'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Networking and Mobile Computing
Modeling soft state protocols with SDL
NETWORKING'05 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP-TC6 international conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communication Systems
Optimizing the packet forwarding throughput of multi-hop wireless chain networks
Computer Communications
Towards an RFID-oriented service discovery system
UIC'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing
Declarative secure distributed information systems
Computer Languages, Systems and Structures
An agent-based approach for the design and analysis of content delivery networks
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
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"Soft state" is an often cited yet vague concept in network protocol design in which two or more network entities intercommunicate in a loosely coupled, often anonymous fashion. Researchers often define this concept operationally (if at all) rather than analytically: a source of soft state transmits periodic "refresh messages" over a (lossy) communication channel to one or more receivers that maintain a copy of that state, which in turn "expires" if the periodic updates cease. Though a number of crucial Internet protocol building blocks are rooted in soft state-based designs --- e.g., RSVP refresh messages, PIM membership updates, various routing protocol updates, RTCP control messages, directory services like SAP, and so forth --- controversy is building as to whether the performance overhead of soft state refresh messages justify their qualitative benefit of enhanced system "robustness". We believe that this controversy has risen not from fundamental performance tradeoffs but rather from our lack of a comprehensive understanding of soft state. To better understand these tradeoffs, we propose herein a formal model for soft state communication based on a probabilistic delivery model with relaxed reliability. Using this model, we conduct queueing analysis and simulation to characterize the data consistency and performance tradeoffs under a range of workloads and network loss rates. We then extend our model with feedback and show, through simulation, that adding feedback dramatically improves data consistency (by up to 55%) without increasing network resource consumption. Our model not only provides a foundation for understanding soft state, but also induces a new fundamental transport protocol based on probabilistic delivery. Toward this end, we sketch our design of the "Soft State Transport Protocol" (SSTP), which enjoys the robustness of soft state while retaining the performance benefit of hard state protocols like TCP through its judicious use of feedback.