Upper Bounds for the Total Path Length of Binary Trees

  • Authors:
  • C. K. Wong;J. Nievergelt

  • Affiliations:
  • IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York;University of Illinois, Department of Computer Science, Urbana IL and IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York

  • Venue:
  • Journal of the ACM (JACM)
  • Year:
  • 1973

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Abstract

Two upper bounds for the total path length of binary trees are obtained. One is for node-trees, and bounds the internal (or root-to-node) path length; the other is for leaf-trees, and bounds the external (or root-to-leaf) path length. These bounds involve a quantity called the balance, which allows the bounds to adapt from the n log n behavior of a completely balanced tree to the n2 behavior of a most skewed tree. These bounds are illustrated for the case of Fibonacci trees.