Ten Mini-Languages: A Study of Topical Issues in Programming Languages

  • Authors:
  • Henry F. Ledgard

  • Affiliations:
  • Computer Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland

  • Venue:
  • ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
  • Year:
  • 1971

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Abstract

The proliferation of programming languages has raised many issues of language design, definition, and implementation. This paper presents a series of ten mini-languages, each of which exposes salient features found in existing programming languages. The value of the mini-languages lies in their brevity of description and the isolation of important linguistic features: in particular, the notions of assignment, transfer of control, functions, parameter passing, type checking, data structures, string manipulation, and input/output. The mini-languages may serve a variety of uses: notably, as a pedagogical tool for teaching programming languages, as a subject of study for the design of programming languages, and as a set of test cases for methods of language implementation or formal definition.