Empirical explorations with the logic theory machine: a case study in heuristics
Computers & thought
GPS, a program that simulates human thought
Computers & thought
A Machine-Oriented Logic Based on the Resolution Principle
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Experiments With a Multipurpose, Theorem-Proving Heuristic Program
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
A grammar base question-answering procedure
Communications of the ACM
PILOT: A STEP TOWARDS MAN-COMPUTER SYMBIOSIS
PILOT: A STEP TOWARDS MAN-COMPUTER SYMBIOSIS
Towards a computational formalization of natural language semantics
COLING '69 Proceedings of the 1969 conference on Computational linguistics
MUSE: a model to understand simple English
Communications of the ACM
Applications of relational data structure models in man-machine systems
ACM '72 Proceedings of the ACM annual conference - Volume 1
Path-based and node-based inference in semantic networks
TINLAP '78 Proceedings of the 1978 workshop on Theoretical issues in natural language processing
Towards a computational formalization of natural language semantics
COLING '69 Proceedings of the 1969 conference on Computational linguistics
Constructible representations for two semantic relations
COLING '73 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
R2: a natural language question-answering system
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Proceedings of the May 18-20, 1971, spring joint computer conference
New directions in legal information processing
AFIPS '72 (Spring) Proceedings of the May 16-18, 1972, spring joint computer conference
MEANINGEX: a computer-based semantic parse approach to the analysis of meaning
AFIPS '71 (Fall) Proceedings of the November 16-18, 1971, fall joint computer conference
A net structure for semantic information storage, deducation and retrieval
IJCAI'71 Proceedings of the 2nd international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Some relations between predicate calculus and semantic net representations of discourse
IJCAI'71 Proceedings of the 2nd international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Deductive methods for large data bases
IJCAI'77 Proceedings of the 5th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Inferences in quantified semantic networks
IJCAI'77 Proceedings of the 5th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
IJCAI'73 Proceedings of the 3rd international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
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The question-answering aspects of the Protosynthex III prototype language processing system are described and exemplified in detail. The system is written in LISP 1.5 and operates on the Q-32 time-sharing system. The system's data structures and their semantic organization, the deductive question-answering formalism of relational properties and complex-relation-forming operators, and the question-answering procedures which employ these features in their operation are all described and illustrated. Examples of the system's performance and of the limitations of its question-answering capability are presented and discussed. It is shown that the use of semantic information in deductive question answering greatly facilitates the process, and that a top-down procedure which works from question to answer enables effective use to be made of this information. It is concluded that the development of Protosynthex III into a practically useful system to work with large data bases is possible but will require changes in both the data structures and the algorithms used for question answering.