Internetworking with TCP/IP: principles, protocols, and architecture
Internetworking with TCP/IP: principles, protocols, and architecture
Under the hood of the Internet: an overview of the TCP/IP protocol suite
Crossroads - Special issue on the Internet
Securing the commercial Internet
Communications of the ACM
Internet security: firewalls and beyond
Communications of the ACM
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet Package
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet Package
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The TCP/IP protocol suite refers to a family of protocols. The designers of TCP/IP divided the job of a full protocol suite into a number of tasks delineated as layers (show in Figure 1 below). Each layer has a different, but specific task in communication. Conceptually, it is useful to envision the layers of TCP/IP as a stack. The first layer called the link layer is responsible for communicating with the actual network hardware (e.g., Ethernet card). The second, the network layer, is responsible for determining how to get data to its destination. This layer cannot guarantee that data will reach its destination, but does decide where data should be sent. The third, the transport layer, provides data flows to the application layer and data may be checked for reliability. The fourth, the application layer, is the level where users typically interact with the network and telnet, ftp, email, and IRC reside.