Comparison of access methods for time-evolving data
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Transaction Timestamping in (Temporal) Databases
Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
A New Presumed Commit Optimization for Two Phase Commit
VLDB '93 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Atomic commit protocols, their integration, and their optimisations in distributed database systems
International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems
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The two phase commit (2PC) protocol is used to guarantee the serializability of distributed transactions. The message cost of the protocol and reduce the number of messages required. The common optimizations require that each cohort of a transaction be terminated (finished with normal accessing of data) in order for these optimizations to lead to sreial schedules. This paper suggests using timestamps as a substitute for knowing when cohorts are terminated, and shows how the 2PC protocol itself can be used to choose the timestamps. The key to this is to permit cohorts to vote transaction time ranges within which the transaction must commit or else be aborted. Using time ranges, the read only optimizatiooon and early release of read locks can be supported. The transation times chosen are appropriate for identifying versions of data in a multiversion rollback database.