Congestion avoidance and control
SIGCOMM '88 Symposium proceedings on Communications architectures and protocols
Improving round-trip time estimates in reliable transport protocols
SIGCOMM '87 Proceedings of the ACM workshop on Frontiers in computer communications technology
On retransmission-based error control for continuous media traffic in packet-switching networks
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems - Theme issue: ITC 14 special sessions presentations
An application-oriented error control scheme for high-speed networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
End-to-end Internet packet dynamics
SIGCOMM '97 Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '97 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Error control techniques for interactive low-bit rate video transmission over the Internet
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Measurements and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics
Measurements and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics
On estimating end-to-end network path properties
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication
SMART Retransmission: Performance with Overload and Random Losses
INFOCOM '97 Proceedings of the INFOCOM '97. Sixteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Driving the Information Revolution
Poor performance: is it the application or the network?
Proceedings of the 44th annual Southeast regional conference
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This paper presents a trace-driven simulation study of two classes of retransmission timeout (RTO) estimators in the context of real-time streaming over the Internet. We explore the viability of employing retransmission timeouts in NACK-based (i.e., rate-based) streaming applications to support multiple retransmission attempts per lost packet. The first part of our simulation is based on trace data collected during a number of real-time streaming tests between dialup clients in all 50 states in the U.S. (including 653 major U.S. cities) and a backbone video server. The second part of the study is based on streaming tests over DSL and ISDN access links. First, we define a generic performance measure for assessing the accuracy of hypothetical RTO estimators based on the samples of the round-trip delay (RTT) recorded in the trace data. Second, using this performance measure, we evaluate the class of TCP-like estimators and find the optimal estimator given our performance measure. Third, we introduce a new class of estimators based on delay jitter and show that they significantly outperform TCP-like estimators in NACK-based applications with low-frequency RTT sampling. Finally, we show that high-frequency sampling of the RTT completely changes the situation and makes the class of TCP-like estimators as accurate as the class of delay-jitter estimators.