Type-extension type test can be performed in constant time
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Fast static analysis of C++ virtual function calls
Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
Efficient type inclusion tests
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
Practical virtual method call resolution for Java
OOPSLA '00 Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
Java Virtual Machine Specification
Java Virtual Machine Specification
The Java Language Specification
The Java Language Specification
The java hotspotTM server compiler
JVM'01 Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium on JavaTM Virtual Machine Research and Technology Symposium - Volume 1
Dynamic type checking in jalapeño
JVM'01 Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium on JavaTM Virtual Machine Research and Technology Symposium - Volume 1
Joeq: a virtual machine and compiler infrastructure
Proceedings of the 2003 workshop on Interpreters, virtual machines and emulators
When and what to compile/optimize in a virtual machine?
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
Design and evaluation of dynamic optimizations for a Java just-in-time compiler
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Joeq: a virtual machine and compiler infrastructure
Science of Computer Programming - Special issue on advances in interpreters, virtual machines and emulators (IVME'03)
Perfect hashing as an almost perfect subtype test
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Decomposing bytecode verification by abstract interpretation
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Compiling generics through user-directed type specialization
Proceedings of the 4th workshop on the Implementation, Compilation, Optimization of Object-Oriented Languages and Programming Systems
Empirical assessment of object-oriented implementations with multiple inheritance and static typing
Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications
VMKit: a substrate for managed runtime environments
Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
Implementing statically typed object-oriented programming languages
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Reducing and eliding read barriers for concurrent garbage collectors
Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Implementation, Compilation, Optimization of Object-Oriented Languages, Programs and Systems
Efficiency of subtype test in object oriented languages with generics
Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Implementation, Compilation, Optimization of Object-Oriented Languages, Programs and Systems
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We present the fast subtype checking implemented in Sun's HotSpot JVM. Subtype checks occur when a program wishes to know if class S implements class T, where S and T are not both known at compile-time. Large Java programs will make millions or even billions of such checks, hence a fast check is essential. In actual benchmark runs our technique performs complete subtype checks in 3 instructions (and only 1 memory reference) essentially all the time. In rare instances it reverts to a slower array scan. Memory usage is moderate (11 words per class) and can be traded off for time. Class loading does not require recomputing any data structures associated with subtype checking.