The distributions of the entries of Young tableaux

  • Authors:
  • Brendan D. McKay;Jennifer Morse;Herbert S. Wilf

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Australian National University, ACT, Australia;Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

Let T be a standard Young tableau of shape λ ⊢ k. We show that the probability that a randomly chosen Young tableau of n cells contains T as a subtableau is, in the limit n → ∞, equal to fλ/k!, where fλ is the number of all tableaux of shape λ. In other words, the probability that a large tableau contains T is equal to the number of tableaux whose shape is that of T, divided by k!. We give several applications, to the probabilities that a set of prescribed entries will appear in a set of prescribed cells of a tableau, and to the probabilities that subtableaux of given shapes will occur. Our argument rests on a notion of quasirandomness of families of permutations, and we give sufficient conditions for this to hold.