Computing extended abduction through transaction programs

  • Authors:

  • Katsumi Inoue;Chiaki Sakama

  • Affiliations:

  • Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada‐ku, Kobe 657‐8501, Japan E-mail: inoue@eedept.kobe‐u.ac.jp;Department of Computer and Communication Sciences, Wakayama University, Sakaedani, Wakayama 640‐8510, Japan E-mail: sakama@sys.wakayama‐u.ac.jp

  • Venue:
  • Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence
  • Year:
  • 1999

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Abstract

To explain observations from nonmonotonic background theories, one often needs removal of some hypotheses as well as addition of other hypotheses. Moreover, some observations should not be explained, while some are to be explained. In order to formalize these situations, extended abduction was introduced by Inoue and Sakama (1995) to generalize traditional abduction in the sense that it can compute negative explanations by removing hypotheses and anti‐explanations to unexplain negative observations. In this paper, we propose a computational mechanism for extended abduction. When a background theory is written in a normal logic program, we introduce its transaction program for computing extended abduction. A transaction program is a set of non‐deterministic production rules that declaratively specify addition and deletion of abductive hypotheses. Abductive explanations are then computed by the fixpoint of a transaction program using a bottom‐up model generation procedure. The correctness of the proposed procedure is shown for the class of acyclic covered abductive logic programs. In the context of deductive databases, a transaction program provides a declarative specification of database update.