A Case-Based Model that Integrates Specificand General Knowledge in Reasoning

  • Authors:
  • Eliseo B. Reategui;John A. Campbell;Beatriz F. Leão

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, University College London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, UK E-mail: reategui@cs.ucl.ac.uk E-mail: jac@cs.ucl.ac.uk;Department of Computer Science, University College London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, UK E-mail: reategui@cs.ucl.ac.uk E-mail: jac@cs.ucl.ac.uk;Institute of Cardiology RS, Av. Princesa Izabel, 395, 90620 Porto Alegre, Brazil E-mail: bleao@inf.ufrgs.br

  • Venue:
  • Applied Intelligence
  • Year:
  • 1997

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Abstract

This paper introduces ChartD_2, a Congenital Heart Disease Diagnostician that employs a case-based model where specific and general knowledge are combined in reasoning. Specific knowledge is represented in the form of cases while general knowledge is represented in the form of category descriptors. When solving a new case, ChartD_2 uses its general knowledge to draw hypotheses and to guide the search for the most similar cases it hasalready ““seen””. The retrieved cases, representing specificknowledge, are then used to support one of the hypotheses and tojustify the conclusion reached. ChartD_2 has been based onan earlier hybrid connectionist/symbolic program called Hycones,developed in the same application domain. Besides enhancing some ofHycones‘ capabilities, the new system proposes solutions for commonproblems in Case-Based Reasoning (CBR), such as case matching,indexing and learning. The system ChartD_2 is presented andevaluated, using real cases collected from a medical database. Theperformance of the system is contrasted with that of Hycones and twoother learning algorithms. Moreover, similar research efforts on theuse of other sources of knowledge by CBR systems are discussed, andtopics for further research are suggested.