Parallel Processing for Terrain Analysis in GIS: Visibility as a Case Study

  • Authors:
  • David B. Kidner;Philip J. Rallings;J. Andrew Ware

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Studies, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan WALES CF37 1DL;Division of Mathematics & Computing, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan WALES CF37 1DL;Division of Mathematics & Computing, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan WALES CF37 1DL

  • Venue:
  • Geoinformatica
  • Year:
  • 1997

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Abstract

The application of parallel processing to computationally intensive GISproblems has been advocated and illustrated by many researchers over thelast twenty years. Despite this, GIS users have been slow to capitalize onthe potential which the technology offers. Whilst today’s processorsare adequate for the majority of GIS uses, some applications are tooprocessor-intensive to be deemed viable for serial machines. This isparticularly true of many digital terrain modelling applications, which hasbeen the primary focus of parallel processing in GIS to date.This paperconsiders the problem of parallelizing line-of-sight (LOS) calculations indetermining the visibility indices of entities such as elevation vertices ina digital terrain model (DTM). This is a requirement of site selection for aparticular development, especially if visibility, or more specifically,visual intrusion is likely to be a key factor in gaining planning approval.To demonstrate the simplicity and applicability of parallelizing such GISproblems, this paper presents some parallel approaches in an efficient dataorganization, framework using a Transputer network. Speed-up performance canbe increased by a factor of twelve using a simple network of twentyTransputers. As vast quantities of spatial data become available,particularly DTMs at larger scales and denser resolution, the demands forparallel processing will inevitably increase. It is hoped that the continuedexperiences of today’s researchers at applying parallel processing towell-defined problems will benefit the GIS users of tomorrow.