Temporalizing Epistemic Default Logic

  • Authors:
  • Wiebe Van Der Hoek;John-Jules Meyer;Jan Treur

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.089, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands (E-mail: wiebe@cs.ruu.nl, jj@cs.ruu.nl);Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.089, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands (E-mail: wiebe@cs.ruu.nl, jj@cs.ruu.nl);Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E-mail: treur@cs.vu.nl)

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Logic, Language and Information
  • Year:
  • 1998

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Abstract

We present an epistemic default logic, based on the metaphore of ameta-level architecture. Upward reflection is formalized by a nonmonotonicentailment relation, based on the objective facts that are either known orunknown at the object level. Then, the meta (monotonic) reasoning processgenerates a number of ’’default-beliefs‘‘ of object-level formulas. Weextend this framework by proposing a mechanism to reflect these defaultsdown. Such a reflection is seen as essentially having a temporal flavour:defaults derived at the meta-level are projected as facts in a ’’next‘‘object level state. In this way, we obtain temporal models for defaultreasoning in meta-level formalisms which can be conceived as labeledbranching trees. Thus, descending the tree corresponds to shifts in timethat model downward reflection, whereas the branching of the treecorresponds to ways of combining possible defaults. All together, thisyields an operational or procedural semantics of reasoning by default,which admits one to reason about it by means of branching-time temporallogic. Finally, we define sceptical and credulous entailment relationsbased on these temporal models and we characterize Reiter extensions inour semantics.