Database history: from dinosaurs to compact discs
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Transparent information systems through gateways, front ends, intermediaries, and interfaces
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
The design and evaluation of a front-end user interface for energy researchers
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Full text databases
Online
A rough road to the information highway. Project INTREX: a view from the CLR archives
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal - Special issue: history of information science
Origins of coordinate searching
Journal of the American Society for Information Science - Special topic issue: history of documentation and information science: part I
Practical digital libraries: books, bytes, and bucks
Practical digital libraries: books, bytes, and bucks
On Relevance, Probabilistic Indexing and Information Retrieval
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
The Association Factor in Information Retrieval
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
The SMART automatic document retrieval systems—an illustration
Communications of the ACM
Information Retrieval Experiment
Information Retrieval Experiment
Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval
Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval
Evaluation of Information Services and Products
Evaluation of Information Services and Products
The SMART Retrieval System—Experiments in Automatic Document Processing
The SMART Retrieval System—Experiments in Automatic Document Processing
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Information retrieval has evolved through four phases: manual and mechanical devices; offline computing; online computing and vendor access; and distributed, networked, and mass computing. This article primarily addresses the first three phases.