Deterministic Built-in Pattern Generation for Sequential Circuits

  • Authors:
  • Vikram Iyengar;Krishnendu Chakrabarty;Brian T. Murray

  • Affiliations:
  • Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1308 W Main Street, Urbana IL 61801, USA. vik@crhc.uiuc.edu;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Box 90291, 130 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708, USA. krish@ee.duke.edu;Delphi Automotive Systems, 3900 East Holland Road, Saginaw, MI 48601-9494, USA. bmurray@predator.cs.gmr.com

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications
  • Year:
  • 1999

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Abstract

We present a new pattern generation approach fordeterministic built-in self testing (BIST) of sequential circuits.Our approach is based on precomputed test sequences, and isespecially suited to sequential circuits that contain a large numberof flip-flops but relatively few controllable primary inputs. Suchcircuits, often encountered as embedded cores and as filters fordigital signal processing, are difficult to test and require longtest sequences. We show that statistical encoding of precomputedtest sequences can be combined with low-cost pattern decoding toprovide deterministic BIST with practical levels of overhead. OptimalHuffman codes and near-optimal Comma codes are especially usefulfor test set encoding. This approach exploits recent advances inautomatic test pattern generation for sequential circuits and, unlikeother BIST schemes, does not require access to a gate-level model ofthe circuit under test. It can be easily automated and integratedwith design automation tools. Experimental results for the ISCAS 89benchmark circuits show that the proposed method provides higherfault coverage than pseudorandom testing with shorter testapplication time and low to moderate hardware overhead.