IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Design of Fiducials for Accurate Registration Using Machine Vision
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A computational model for the stereoscopic optics of a head-mounted display
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Premier issue
Camera Calibration with Distortion Models and Accuracy Evaluation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Knowledge-based augmented reality
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on computer augmented environments: back to the real world
Three-dimensional computer vision: a geometric viewpoint
Three-dimensional computer vision: a geometric viewpoint
Improving static and dynamic registration in an optical see-through HMD
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Robust methods for estimating pose and a sensitivity analysis
CVGIP: Image Understanding
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Synthetic experience: a proposed taxonomy
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Superior augmented reality registration by integrating landmark tracking and magnetic tracking
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Technologies for augmented reality systems: realizing ultrasound-guided needle biopsies
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Fusion of data from head-mounted and fixed sensors
IWAR '98 Proceedings of the international workshop on Augmented reality : placing artificial objects in real scenes: placing artificial objects in real scenes
Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory: Radar-Sonar Signal Processing and Gaussian Signals in Noise
Introduction to Robotics: Mechanics and Control
Introduction to Robotics: Mechanics and Control
Computer and Robot Vision
Calibration Requirements and Procedures for a Monitor-Based Augmented Reality System
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Calibration-Free Augmented Reality
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Dynamic Registration Correction in Video-Based Augmented Reality Systems
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Robust 3-D-3-D Pose Estimation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Inertial Head-Tracker Sensor Fusion by a Complimentary Separate-Bias Kalman Filter
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
An optical tracker for augmented reality and wearable computers
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
Enhanced Reality Visualization in a Surgical Environment
Enhanced Reality Visualization in a Surgical Environment
MICCAI '02 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention-Part II
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Automated Initialization for Marker-Less Tracking: A Sensor Fusion Approach
ISMAR '04 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Ubiquitous Tracking for Augmented Reality
ISMAR '04 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
The AR Apprenticeship: Replication and Omnidirectional Viewing of Subtle Movements
ISMAR '04 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Synchronizing 3D Movements for Quantitative Comparison and Simultaneous Visualization of Actions
ISMAR '05 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
A Theoretical Comparison of Different Target Registration Error Estimators
MICCAI '08 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, Part II
Indirect Tracking to Reduce Occlusion Problems
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing, Part II
Predicting and estimating the accuracy of n-occular optical tracking systems
ISMAR '06 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Spatial relationship patterns: elements of reusable tracking and calibration systems
ISMAR '06 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
High-fidelity visuo-haptic interaction with virtual objects in multi-modal AR systems
ISMAR '06 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
ISMAR '07 Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
A Method for Predicting Marker Tracking Error
ISMAR '07 Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
A System Architecture for Ubiquitous Tracking Environments
ISMAR '07 Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality-based factory planning - an application tailored to industrial needs
ISMAR '07 Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Real-Time Tracking Error Estimation for Augmented Reality for Registration with Linecode Markers
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Controlling virtual cameras based on a robust model-free pose acquisition technique
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Trajectory mapping for landmine detection training
ICCS'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Computational science: PartIII
Online estimation of the target registration error for n-ocular optical tracking systems
MICCAI'07 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention
Virtually extended surgical drilling device: virtual mirror for navigated spine surgery
MICCAI'07 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention - Volume Part I
Hybrid navigation interface for orthopedic and trauma surgery
MICCAI'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - Volume Part I
Navigated three dimensional beta probe for optimal cancer resection
MICCAI'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - Volume Part I
Miar'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality
ATDV: an image transforming system
ICCS'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computational Science - Volume Part I
Comprehensive calibration and registration procedures for augmented reality
EGVE'01 Proceedings of the 7th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & 5th Immersive Projection Technology
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A method is developed to analyze the accuracy of the relative head-to-object position and orientation (pose) in augmented reality systems with head-mounted displays. From probabilistic estimates of the errors in optical tracking sensors, the uncertainty in head-to-object pose can be computed in the form of a covariance matrix. The positional uncertainty can be visualized as a 3D ellipsoid. One useful benefit of having an explicit representation of uncertainty is that we can fuse sensor data from a combination of fixed and head-mounted sensors in order to improve the overall registration accuracy. The method was applied to the analysis of an experimental augmented reality system, incorporating an optical see-through head-mounted display, a head-mounted CCD camera, and a fixed optical tracking sensor. The uncertainty of the pose of a movable object with respect to the head-mounted display was analyzed. By using both fixed and head mounted sensors, we produced a pose estimate that is significantly more accurate than that produced by either sensor acting alone.