AI Magazine
Building expert systems: cognitive emulation
Building expert systems: cognitive emulation
Issues in the design of expert systems for business
Expert systems human issues
The role of critiquing in cooperative problem solving
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
An architecture for adaptive intelligent systems
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on computational research on interaction and agency, part 1
An intelligent assistant for patient health care
AGENTS '97 Proceedings of the first international conference on Autonomous agents
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The joint cognitive system approach to problem solving works especially well in creative situations, such as design, that have no single "correct" solution. Our experience in providing expert systems support to a biotechnical equipment manufacturer argues for a shift from classical, problem-solving expert systems to more cooperative, advice-giving systems.Expert systems represent applied artificial intelligence in its most successful form. Yet while such systems have solved many difficult problems in a wide variety of settings, talk persists about their failure. The major problem, it would appear, is poor user acceptance. Too often, users complain that such systems solve problems that don't need solving, or don't match the way people actually perform their work. Consequently, upon delivery some expert systems simply find no use among their presumed users. Our experience shows that closer attention to the actual difficulties presented by the tasks users want supported offers one remedy.