A numerical method for boundary value problems for singularly perturbed fourth-order ordinary differential equations

Authors:
V. Shanthi;N. Ramanujam
Affiliations:
Department of Mathematics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India;Department of Mathematics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
Venue:
Applied Mathematics and Computation
Year:
2002

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Abstract

Singularly perturbed two-point boundary value problems (BVPs) for fourth-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a small positive parameter multiplying the highest derivative are considered. A numerical method is suggested in this paper to solve such problems. In this method, the given BVP is transformed into a system of two ODEs subject to suitable boundary conditions. Then the domain of definition of the differential equation (a closed interval) is divided into three non-overlapping sub-intervals, which we call them inner regions (boundary layers) and outer region. Then the DE is solved in these intervals separately. The solutions obtained in these regions are combined to give a solution in the entire interval. To obtain terminal boundary conditions (boundary values inside this interval) we use mostly zero-order asymptotic expansion of the solution of the BVP. First, linear equations are considered and then non-linear equations. To solve non-linear equations, Newton's method of quasi-linearization is applied. The present method is demonstrated by providing examples. The method is easy to implement and suitable for parallel computing.