Ontological methodology

  • Authors:
  • Roberto Poli

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Trento and Mitteleuropa Foundation, Verdi 26, 38100 Trento, Italy

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

The interest in ontology may peter out unless three problems are addressed: What are the boundaries of ontology? What types are there of ontology? What is the structure of ontology? After distinguishing three main kinds of information (ontological, quasi-ontological and non-ontological) and three types of ontologies (descriptive, formal and formalized), the paper presents a few basic ontological sub-theories (theory of particulars, of levels of reality, of wholes, parts and boundaries, and the intensive-extensive opposition for determinations). The methodology of domain analysis is further addressed and the distinction between a domain's structure and the scheme of the canonical item of a domain is introduced.