ALIFE Proceedings of the sixth international conference on Artificial life
Phylogeny, Ontogeny, and Epigenesis: Three Sources of Biological Inspiration for Softening Hardware
ICES '96 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
Cellular Encoding Applied to Neurocontrol
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Genetic Algorithms
Modular Genetic Neural Networks for Six-Legged Locomotion
AE '95 Selected Papers from the European conference on Artificial Evolution
Artificial Neurogenesis: An application to Autonomous Robotics
ICTAI '96 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
Adding learning to the cellular development of neural networks: Evolution and the baldwin effect
Evolutionary Computation
Communication and Interaction with Learning Agents in Virtual Soccer
VW '00 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Virtual Worlds
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The relationship between evolution (genetic & developmental processes of an evolutionary system) and modularity (its support for modular structures) is explored. Modules are defined as structures with common origin; either evolutional or developmental. In the former case, processes supporting modularity operate on the phylogenetic level, in the latter, on the ontogenetic level. Three such processes are identified (duplication, divergence, covergence). The existence of these processes determine the system's support for modularity. Modules are analysed in the particular context of artificial neural networks (ANNs), where they appear as subnetworks. Gruau's cellular developmental encoding is used as an example, and an extension is proposed which better supports modularity.