Knowledge Representation and Metaphor
Knowledge Representation and Metaphor
From PROLOG++ to PROLOG+CG: A CG Object-Oriented Logic Programming Language
ICCS '00 Proceedings of the Linguistic on Conceptual Structures: Logical Linguistic, and Computational Issues
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Natural language communication largely depends on other means than literal expressions. This issue goes far beyond aesthetics, and touches the very heart of natural language. In the last decades, research in these fields has added much to our understanding of concerns that have puzzled researchers since Aristotle, but these insights are rarely reflected in the literature on knowledge representation. This paper discusses how non-literal expressions can be represented in Conceptual Graphs (CG) in such a way that highly complex phenomena of natural language such as metaphors are rendered clearly for computational purposes. Aspects of language understanding from metaphor theory and translation theory are used to establish a foundation for such CG representations. A number of examples are analyzed and presented in Prolog+CG.