Towards an elementary theory of drainage basin evolution: I. the theoretical basis
Computers & Geosciences
Interoperating Geographic Information Systems
Interoperating Geographic Information Systems
Realm-based spatial data types: the ROSE algebra
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
International Journal of Geographical Information Science - Digital Gazetteer Research
Towards a General Field model and its order in GIS
International Journal of Geographical Information Science
Aggregations and constituents: geometric specification of multi-granular objects
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Composing models of geographic physical processes
COSIT'09 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Spatial information theory
Geographic human-computer interaction
CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Granularity as a parameter of context
CONTEXT'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Modeling and Using Context
Probability issues in locality descriptions based on Voronoi neighbor relationship
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Semantic road networks for recommender systems
Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web
Towards Platial Joins and Buffers in Place-Based GIS
Proceedings of The First ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Computational Models of Place
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Geographic information is defined as a subset of spatial information, specific to the spatiotemporal frame of the Earth's surface. Thus geographic information theory inherits the results of spatial information theory, but adds results that reflect the specific properties of geographic information. I describe six general properties of geographic information, and show that in some cases specialization has assumed other properties that are less generally observed. A recognition of the distinction between geographic and spatial would allow geographic information theory to achieve greater depth and utility.