Garbage collection in an uncooperative environment
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Lisp and Symbolic Computation
Mostly parallel garbage collection
PLDI '91 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1991 conference on Programming language design and implementation
Systems programming with Modula-3
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Caching considerations for generational garbage collection
LFP '92 Proceedings of the 1992 ACM conference on LISP and functional programming
Compiler support for garbage collection in a statically typed language
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Garbage collection: algorithms for automatic dynamic memory management
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The measured cost of copying garbage collection mechanisms
ICFP '97 Proceedings of the second ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming
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Comparing mostly-copying and mark-sweep conservative collection
Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Memory management
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On the type accuracy of garbage collection
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On effectiveness of GC in Java
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The Java Language Specification
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The Definition of Standard ML
Generation Scavenging: A non-disruptive high performance storage reclamation algorithm
SDE 1 Proceedings of the first ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN software engineering symposium on Practical software development environments
A Language-Independent Garbage Collector Toolkit
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IBM Systems Journal
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COOTS'97 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 3
Compacting garbage collection with ambiguous roots
ACM SIGPLAN Lisp Pointers
Understanding the connectivity of heap objects
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Memory management
Estimating the impact of heap liveness information on space consumption in Java
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Memory management
Low-overhead memory leak detection using adaptive statistical profiling
ASPLOS XI Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Field level analysis for heap space optimization in embedded java environments
Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Memory management
Quantifying the performance of garbage collection vs. explicit memory management
OOPSLA '05 Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
Object ownership profiling: a technique for finding and fixing memory leaks
Proceedings of the twenty-second IEEE/ACM international conference on Automated software engineering
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The effectiveness of garbage collectors and leak detectors in identifying dead objects depends on the "accuracy" of their reachability traversal. Accuracy has two orthogonal dimensions: (i) whether the reachability traversal can distinguish between pointers and non-pointers (type accuracy), and (ii) whether the reachability traversal can identify memory locations that will be dereferenced in the future (liveness accuracy). While prior work has investigated the importance of type accuracy, there has been little work investigating the importance of liveness accuracy for garbage collection or leak detection. This paper presents an experimental study of the importance of liveness on the accuracy of the reachability traversal. We show that while liveness can significantly improve the effectiveness of a garbage collector or leak detector, the simpler liveness schemes are largely ineffective. One must analyze globals using an interprocedural analysis to get significant benefit.