A public key cryptosystem and a signature scheme based on discrete logarithms
Proceedings of CRYPTO 84 on Advances in cryptology
A digital signature scheme secure against adaptive chosen-message attacks
SIAM Journal on Computing - Special issue on cryptography
Lecture Notes in Computer Science on Advances in Cryptology-EUROCRYPT'88
Zero-knowledge proofs of identity
Journal of Cryptology
Public-key cryptosystems provably secure against chosen ciphertext attacks
STOC '90 Proceedings of the twenty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Random oracles are practical: a paradigm for designing efficient protocols
CCS '93 Proceedings of the 1st ACM conference on Computer and communications security
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
Communications of the ACM
REACT: Rapid Enhanced-Security Asymmetric Cryptosystem Transform
CT-RSA 2001 Proceedings of the 2001 Conference on Topics in Cryptology: The Cryptographer's Track at RSA
CRYPTO '92 Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Relations Among Notions of Security for Public-Key Encryption Schemes
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
A Practical Public Key Cryptosystem Provably Secure Against Adaptive Chosen Ciphertext Attack
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Secure Integration of Asymmetric and Symmetric Encryption Schemes
CRYPTO '99 Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Security of Signed ElGamal Encryption
ASIACRYPT '00 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
On the Security of ElGamal Based Encryption
PKC '98 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography: Public Key Cryptography
The Gap-Problems: A New Class of Problems for the Security of Cryptographic Schemes
PKC '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography: Public Key Cryptography
An efficient threshold public key cryptosystem secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack
EUROCRYPT'99 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Public-key cryptosystems based on composite degree residuosity classes
EUROCRYPT'99 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Rethinking chosen-ciphertext security under Kerckhoffs'assumption
CT-RSA'03 Proceedings of the 2003 RSA conference on The cryptographers' track
Provably secure public-key encryption for length-preserving chaumian mixes
CT-RSA'03 Proceedings of the 2003 RSA conference on The cryptographers' track
ACISP'07 Proceedings of the 12th Australasian conference on Information security and privacy
Identity based encryption without redundancy
ACNS'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security
A robust and plaintext-aware variant of signed elgamal encryption
CT-RSA'13 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Topics in Cryptology
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To create encryption schemes that offer security against adaptive chosen ciphertext attacks, this paper shows how to securely combine a simple encryption scheme with a proof of knowledge made noninteractive with a hash function. A typical example would be combining the ElGamal encryption scheme with the Schnorr signature scheme. While the straightforward combination will fail to provide security in the random oracle model, we present a class of encryption schemes that uses a proof of knowledge where the security can be proven based on the random oracle assumption and the number theoretic assumptions. The resulting schemes are useful as any casual party can be assured of the (in)validity of the ciphertexts.