Machine vision
A Secure, Robust Watermark for Multimedia
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Information Hiding
A New Digital Watermarking for Text Document Images Using Diagonal Profile
PCM '01 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Document marking and identification using both line and word shifting
INFOCOM '95 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies (Vol. 2)-Volume - Volume 2
Electronic marking and identification techniques to discourage document copying
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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A number of techniques have been recently proposed to prevent unauthorized user from illegal copying or redistribution of multimedia contents. One approach for copy protection is robust watermarking technique that purposes to resist several attacks such as signal processing, geometric distortion, etc. On the country to robust watermarking, the other approach is fragile watermarking that purposes to detect slight changes to the watermarked contents. In this paper we find out the problems of a marking and identification scheme for document images using one directional diagonal profile that we proposed. And then we suggest robust watermarking technique to resolve these problems using bi-direction diagonal profiles; left-directional diagonal profile and right-directional diagonal profile. According to this robust watermarking technique, it can reduce the side information, which needs in watermark extraction procedure and find the pixel position on document image with only the indexes of bi-directional diagonal profiles. Finally, in addition to robust watermarking scheme, we suggest fragile watermarking technique that can locate or characterize the forged region using the feature of bi-directional diagonal profiles and reverse process.