Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming II: automatic discovery of reusable programs
Genetic programming II: automatic discovery of reusable programs
Purposive behavior acquisition for a real robot by vision-based reinforcement learning
Machine Learning - Special issue on robot learning
Co-evolving Soccer Softbot Team Coordination with Genetic Programming
RoboCup-97: Robot Soccer World Cup I
State Space Construction for Behavior Acquisition in Multi Agent Environments with Vision and Action
ICCV '98 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision
Evolutionary techniques in physical robotics
Creative evolutionary systems
Emergence of Cooperative Tactics by Soccer Agents with Ability of Prediction and Learning
ECAL '01 Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Advances in Artificial Life
Evolutionary Techniques in Physical Robotics
ICES '00 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
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Co-evolution has recently beeb receiving increased attention as a method for multi agent simultaneous learing. This paper discusses how multiple robots can emerge cooperative behaviours through co-evolutionary processes. As an example task, a simplified soccer game with three learning robots is selected and a GP (genetic programming) method is applied to individual population corresponging to each robot so as to obtain cooperative and competitive behavours through evolutionary processes. The complexity of the problem can be explained twofold: co-evolution for cooperative behaviors needs exact synchronization of mutual evolutions, and three robot co-evolution requires well-complicated environment setups that may gradually change from simpler to more complicated situations so that they can obtain cooperative and competitive behaviours simultaneously in a wide range of search area in various kinds of aspects. Simuation results are shown, and a discussion is given.