Fast multiresolution image querying
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
VisualSEEk: a fully automated content-based image query system
MULTIMEDIA '96 Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Self-organizing maps
WALRUS: a similarity retrieval algorithm for image databases
SIGMOD '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
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This paper proposes a technique for indexing, clustering and retrieving images based on their edge features. In this technique, images are decomposed into several frequency bands using the Haar wavelet transform. From the one-level decomposition sub-bands an edge image is formed. Next, the higher order auto-correlation function is applied on the edge image to extract the edge features. These higher order autocorrelation features are normalized to generate a compact feature vector, which is invariant to shift, image size and gray level. Then, these feature vectors are clustered by a self-organizing map (SOM) based on their edge feature similarity. The performed experiments show the high precision of this technique in clustering and retrieving images in a large image database environment.