ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Communications of the ACM
A portable compiler: theory and practice
POPL '78 Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN symposium on Principles of programming languages
EMACS the extensible, customizable self-documenting display editor
Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN SIGOA symposium on Text manipulation
Converting a swap-based system to do paging in an architecture lacking page-referenced bits
SOSP '81 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
TEX and METAFONT: New directions in typesetting
TEX and METAFONT: New directions in typesetting
INGRES: a relational data base system
AFIPS '75 Proceedings of the May 19-22, 1975, national computer conference and exposition
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It is a longstanding practice that software researchers share their source code with the research community, allowing other researchers to inspect their work and to build on it. Many widely used software systems originated as code distributions from research projects. Early examples include Berkeley Unix, sendmail, TEX, Emacs, and many others. The distribution practices of the research community evolved into the free software movement initiated by Richard Stallman, and the more recent open source and libre software movements. Eric Raymond has argued eloquently in "The Cathedral and the Bazaar" that the development processes that stem from these approaches to software development and distribution lead to higher quality software than the traditional proprietary approaches. There is much talk about open source in the commercial arena. In this paper we review the issues that surround the open source approach to software development. We consider the impact of open source on industry, on government, and on the research environment from which it emerged.