Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
External cognition: how do graphical representations work?
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Palpable time for heterogeneous care communities
Proceedings of the 4th decennial conference on Critical computing: between sense and sensibility
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Situated Action claims that action is guided by an environment featuring objects, including technologies, whose use is transparent to us. Work on affordances - perceived properties of objects which, in the context of a given course of action, tell us directly what those objects are for- helps explain this. It is argued that an affordance helps make a technology transparent because it is a function which has become enculturated; that is, it has overlearned, shared significance for action. However, sometimes technologies feature functions beyond what we can easily call affordances, which are less culturally familiar to us. This paper gives examples of such functions; considers how technology functions, including affordances, become enculturated; and looks at implications for designing transparent technologies.