Artificial intelligence can improve hypermedia instructional technologies for learning
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
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A crucial issue in building a user-centered Intelligent Educational System is that of building and maintaining user models to enable the system to tailor its behavior to the needs of the given individual. Various student modeling techniques are described in the literature (overlay, perturbation, differential), that represent the student's knowledge in different ways. A common problem affecting these techniques is how to obtain the data needed to build the student model. Open models are one of the possible solutions but these have some drawbacks. In the present article we propose a new open model aiming to solve some of these, by minimizing the invasiveness of the requirement for student involvement in the self-assessment process, together with the sense of frustration such a requirement can arouse in students who are unable to assess themselves and are therefore ignored by the system.