Specification directed module testing
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Systematic software development using VDM (2nd ed.)
Systematic software development using VDM (2nd ed.)
Programming from specifications
Programming from specifications
Software testing based on formal specifications: a theory and a tool
Software Engineering Journal
Object-Z: a specification language advocated for the description of standards
Computer Standards & Interfaces - Special issue on formal description techniques
A Framework for Specification-Based Testing
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
SOFL: A Formal Engineering Methodology for Industrial Applications
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
The B Language and Method: A Guide to Practical Formal Development
The B Language and Method: A Guide to Practical Formal Development
Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods
Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods
Software Engineering Economics
Software Engineering Economics
A Formal Operational Semantics for SOFL
APSEC '97 Proceedings of the Fourth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering and International Computer Science Conference
Testing Formal Specifications to Detect Design Errors
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Developing Quality Software Systems Using the SOFL Formal Engineering Method
ICFEM '02 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods: Formal Methods and Software Engineering
Mechanical Abstraction of CSPZ Processes
FME '02 Proceedings of the International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe on Formal Methods - Getting IT Right
Domain Consistency in Requirements Specification
QSIC '05 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software
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Detecting faults in specifications can help reduce the cost and risk of software development because incorrect implementation can be prevented early. This goal can be achieved by verifying the consistency and validity of specifications. In this paper we put forward specification testing as a practical technique for verification and validation of formal specifications. Our approach is to derive proof obligations from a specification and then test them, in order to detect faults leading to the violation of consistency or validity of the specification. We describe proof obligations for various consistency properties of a specification, and suggest the use of five strategies for testing them. We provide a method for testing implicit specifications by evaluation rather than by prototyping, and criteria for interpreting the meaning of test results.